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Solvent-system definition of acids and bases

This recognizes autoionisation of some aprotic solvents, such as boron trifluoride:


Notice the similarity with autoionisation (ie. autoprotolysis) of water.

In the solvent-system definition, a solute which increases the concentration of the cation generated by autoionisation of the solvent is called an acid, and a solute which increases the concentration of the anion generated by autoionisation of the solvent is called a base.

BrF2AsF6, called Difluorobromine(III) hexafluoroantimonate(V), is a salt without any obvious uses. But it is soluble in BrF3. It disassociates into BrF2+ and AsF6-, hence we would call it an acid.

Another example is dissolving sodium amide in ammonia. The autoionisation equation of ammonia is:


Since sodium amide splits into Na+ and NH2-, we would call it a base.

24 comments:

  1. Very helpful..thank you so much..

    ReplyDelete
  2. Cation or anion generated by the autoionization of the solvent!

    Very important comment, most lectureres explain this somehow WITHOUT OVEREMPHASIZING it's about the SOLVENT's autoionization. Read 4 websites, this page made me understand. Thank you!

    My question: most examples of solutes are either defined as an acid or defined as a base. Are there examples that the solute is both defined as an acid and a base?

    Thank you!

    ReplyDelete
  3. Please I need more explanation of the autoionization

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. To my own view autoionization are solvent that exhibit self ionization like water which ionizes to hydrozoniun ion and hydroxyl ion.

      Delete
  4. Thanks for sharing this information regarding the topic of acids. Really useful and understandable. I really like reading this post and I actually enjoyed reading this. Keep sharing this post more and more!
    Polar organic solvents

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