In the case of a single-bonded diatomic as shown above, the excited state has one electron in a bonding orbital and one in an anti-bonding orbital, producing a net bond order of 0.
No net bonding means the atoms can drift apart. The energy of the absorbed photon would therefore equal the disassociation energy of the bond.
An example of the use of this is absorption of UV light by BR2 to produce bromine radicals, used to produce the free radical reactions seen in A-level chemistry.
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